CalliopeResearch · Case study

Thirty-two clubs. Every one on the record. Read the connection points.

The common complaint is that Form 5500 filings stopped meaning anything once employers self-funded or joined a PEO. The NFL is a useful place to test that. Every club is a large employer, every one files, and almost none file the same way. What the filings show is the employer's structure, funding, advisers and history. What a self-funded filing leaves blank is one named question, and the filing itself points to where the answer lives.

Arizona CardinalsAtlanta FalconsBaltimore RavensBuffalo BillsCarolina PanthersChicago BearsCincinnati BengalsCleveland BrownsDallas CowboysDenver BroncosDetroit LionsGreen Bay PackersHouston TexansIndianapolis ColtsJacksonville JaguarsKansas City ChiefsLas Vegas RaidersLos Angeles ChargersLos Angeles RamsMiami DolphinsMinnesota VikingsNew England PatriotsNew Orleans SaintsNew York GiantsNew York JetsPhiladelphia EaglesPittsburgh SteelersSan Francisco 49ersSeattle SeahawksTampa Bay BuccaneersTennessee TitansWashington Commanders
Source Form 5500, 6 years of filings (2020–2025) · Transparency in Coverage index files, Aug–Sep 2026
Pulled September 10, 2026
Scope League office, player plans, 32 clubs, parent companies, carrier indexes
The shape of it

There is no single NFL filing. There are five layers, and the reader supplies the connections.

A search for "National Football League" returns the league office. It does not return the players' plans, the clubs, or the ownership companies that carry a third of the clubs' health coverage. Each layer files under its own EIN, its own plan numbers, and often its own name for the same league-designed plan. None of that is missing data. It is the record describing how the employer is organized, and it rewards being read that way. The fifth layer is not a filing at all. It is the carrier's own published index of the plans it administers, and it names what the Form 5500 cannot.

01 · League office

EIN 13-1922622. A multiple-employer pension and 401(k) whose Schedule MEP lists only NFL Ventures, the Management Council, and NFL International Licensing. Not one club.

Pension $544M · 401(k) $254M · Deloitte audits · Aon on the insurance trust

02 · Player plans

Nine collectively bargained plans filed from Baltimore under separate EINs and signed by the same trustee. The Player Insurance Plan is Cigna-administered and self-funded, with Aon as plan administrator.

Bert Bell/Pete Rozelle 15,591 · Second Career Savings 11,630 · Player Insurance 4,910

03 · Club plans

Twenty-nine clubs file a welfare plan under a club entity or an ownership company. Three file the league's own plan document under their own EIN. Eight buy medical fully insured. Twenty-one are self-funded: funding, entity, brokers and ancillary lines on the schedule, administrator not.

Welfare participants per club: 129 to 1,603

04 · Parent companies

Ten clubs' health plans live under a parent or ownership entity: Kraft Group (Patriots), Haslam Sports Group (Browns), AMB Group (Falcons), KSA Industries (Titans), Forty Niners Holdings, Football Northwest (Seahawks), Kroenke Sports Holdings (Rams), DT Sports Holding (Panthers), WFI Group (Commanders), and a combined Saints and Pelicans plan. Six of the ten carry no team name.

Kraft Group's 401(k) lists 22 adopting employers on Schedule MEP

05 · Carrier indexes

Under the Transparency in Coverage rule, every carrier and TPA publishes a machine-readable index naming each employer plan it administers. Seventeen of the 21 self-funded clubs appear in one, administrator named.

Cigna 5 · UMR 3 · Aetna 2 · UnitedHealthcare 2 · Blue plans 5

The master policy

The "Reciprocal" plan is the league's master program. You can only see it by pattern.

Six entities file a plan called the NFL Employee Reciprocal Flexible Benefits Plan, each under its own EIN and each as plan number 511. Nothing in any of the six filings points to the others. What ties them together is the carrier stack: the same Cigna administrative contract carrying medical, dental and stop-loss flags with a nominal premium, the same Hartford life and disability contracts, the same Vision Service Plan row reporting zero premium, and no broker named on any Schedule A.

In the 2025 plan year the stack changed in lockstep. ReliaStar appeared as a separate stop-loss contract on every filer, and Prudential began replacing Hartford mid-year on every filer. That is a league-negotiated program moving as one, visible only if you line the filings up side by side.

FilerEIN2024 participantsCigna persons covered2025 ReliaStar stop-lossBroker on Schedule A
NFL League Office13-19226221,0892,824$1,254,094None
Kansas City Chiefs44-0667918308699$439,698None
Las Vegas Raiders (Raiders Football Club)82-4689128353796$533,441None
New York Giants13-1098180211531$313,322None
NFL Productions (NFL Films)22-3642127222677$390,088None
NFL Properties13-4201375121257$206,097None
Tennessee Titans (KSA Industries)76-0507392260 (2023)Left the program after 2023None, then Gallagher

Cigna "premium" on these contracts runs $5,000 to $34,000 a year against thousands of covered persons. That is administrative fee reporting on a self-funded plan, not medical spend. The Rams file a plan under the same 511 number that carries only dental and vision.

The other league master policy is a trust

The National Football League Non-Player Insurance Trust files as a direct filing entity, not a plan. It holds one Hartford basic life contract and one accidental death contract covering employees across the league and clubs, brokered by Aon for fees in the low thousands. It is the only place in the filings where the league and the clubs' non-player employees appear under one contract.

Hartford basic life$1,023,797 premium · 5,616 persons (2025 PY)
Hartford AD&D$132,390 premium · 1,577 persons
Trust assets$5.2M net · Deloitte · Aon $31K on Schedule C
Form 5500 participants867 in 2024, against 5,616 persons insured
Where each club's filing lives

Sorted by the entity on the filing.

Nineteen clubs file as themselves, ten under a parent or ownership entity, three inside the league program. The administrator line on each card is the filing where it shows one, otherwise the carrier index or the cross-filing pattern.

Files under the club entity

19 clubs. The name on the filing is the club, or close to it.

Arizona Cardinals
Self-funded
Files as
Arizona Cardinals Football Club LLC
Participants
464
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
Brown & Brown, Gallagher
Administrator
Cigna (index)
Baltimore Ravens
Self-funded
Files as
Baltimore Ravens Limited Partnership
Participants
280
Medical carrier
CareFirst, fees only
Broker
Kelly Benefits
Administrator
CareFirst BlueChoice (index)
Buffalo Bills
Fully insured
Files as
Buffalo Bills LLC, separate medical and dental plans
Participants
218
Medical carrier
Highmark Western New York
Broker
Lawley
Administrator
On the filing
Chicago Bears
Self-funded
Files as
Chicago Bears Football Club
Participants
261
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
Aon
Administrator
Blue Cross Illinois (index)
Cincinnati Bengals
Fully insured
Files as
Cincinnati Bengals Inc, three plans, all filed as final returns for the year ending June 2025
Participants
129
Medical carrier
Medical Mutual of Ohio, through June 2025
Broker
USI
Administrator
On the filing; successor plan not yet filed
Dallas Cowboys
Self-funded
Files as
Dallas Cowboys Football Club and related entities
Participants
667
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
Lockton (Gallagher until 2022)
Administrator
UMR (index)
Denver Broncos
Self-funded
Files as
Denver Broncos Team LLC (PDB Sports until 2021)
Participants
304
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
IMA; Watchtower on vision
Administrator
Cigna OAP (index)
Detroit Lions
Fully insured
Files as
The Detroit Lions Inc, wrap plan since 2021
Participants
151
Medical carrier
Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan
Broker
PM Group
Administrator
On the filing
Green Bay Packers
Self-funded
Files as
Green Bay Packers Inc wrap plan
Participants
311
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
None named
Administrator
UMR (index)
Houston Texans
Self-funded
Files as
Houston NFL Holdings
Participants
254
Medical carrier
Cigna insured through 2020, then off
Broker
EPIC; Mercer added 2025
Administrator
Not in any index yet
Indianapolis Colts
Self-funded
Files as
Indianapolis Colts Inc
Participants
299
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
MJ Insurance, Huntington
Administrator
UMR (index)
Jacksonville Jaguars
Self-funded
Files as
Jacksonville Jaguars LLC
Participants
313
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
Gallagher
Administrator
Not in any index yet
Los Angeles Chargers
Fully insured
Files as
Chargers Football Company
Participants
216
Medical carrier
Aetna (Cigna until 2021)
Broker
Marsh McLennan Agency
Administrator
On the filing
Miami Dolphins
Self-funded
Files as
Miami Dolphins Ltd
Participants
516
Medical carrier
Aetna ASO with fees through 2022, then off
Broker
Alliant
Administrator
Aetna Choice POS II (index)
Minnesota Vikings
Fully insured
Files as
Minnesota Vikings Football LLC, five plans
Participants
270
Medical carrier
HealthPartners; Nice Healthcare as its own plan
Broker
USI
Administrator
On the filing
New York Jets
Fully insured
Files as
New York Jets LLC
Participants
222
Medical carrier
Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield NJ
Broker
HUB, NFP
Administrator
On the filing
Philadelphia Eagles
Self-funded
Files as
Philadelphia Eagles LLC
Participants
260
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
Johnson Kendall & Johnson
Administrator
Not in any index yet
Pittsburgh Steelers
Fully insured
Files as
PSSI Health and Welfare Plan, 2023 latest posted
Participants
261
Medical carrier
UPMC Health Options
Broker
Acrisure (HDH Group until 2022)
Administrator
On the filing
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Fully insured
Files as
Buccaneers Team LLC
Participants
258
Medical carrier
Cigna, $4.2M premium
Broker
None since 2023
Administrator
On the filing

Files under a parent or ownership entity

10 clubs. Six of them carry no team name at all. A team-name search reports them as missing.

Atlanta Falcons
Self-funded
Files as
AMB Group (Arthur M. Blank family of businesses)
Participants
1,603
Medical carrier
Cigna administrative row only
Broker
None named
Administrator
Cigna OAP (index)
Carolina Panthers
Self-funded
Files as
DT Sports Holding LLC dba Tepper Sports & Entertainment
Participants
419
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
USI; Mosaic Group
Administrator
Blue Cross NC (index)
Cleveland Browns
Self-funded
Files as
Haslam Sports Group, six plans
Participants
358
Medical carrier
No Schedule A on the health plan
Broker
Oswald
Administrator
UnitedHealthcare (index)
Los Angeles Rams
Self-funded
Files as
Kroenke Sports Holdings (club files dental and vision only)
Participants
645
Medical carrier
Cigna health rows, fees only
Broker
Mercer (Charles L. Crane until 2023)
Administrator
Cigna OAP (index)
New England Patriots
Self-funded
Files as
Kraft Group Flexible Benefits Plan
Participants
1,463
Medical carrier
Harvard Pilgrim/UHG through 2023, self-funded 2024
Broker
Cross Insurance; FIAI
Administrator
Not in any index; Harvard Pilgrim roster checked, likely UnitedHealthcare in the jumbo gap
New Orleans Saints
Self-funded
Files as
Combined Saints and Pelicans plan
Participants
324
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
HUB; First Stop Health on the plan
Administrator
UnitedHealthcare Select Plus (index)
San Francisco 49ers
Self-funded
Files as
Forty Niners Holdings LP
Participants
363
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
ABD / Newfront
Administrator
Cigna OAP (index)
Seattle Seahawks
Self-funded
Files as
Football Northwest LLC
Participants
421
Medical carrier
No medical carrier on Schedule A
Broker
Gallagher; USI added 2024
Administrator
Premera (index)
Tennessee Titans
Self-funded
Files as
KSA Industries / Tennessee Football, own plan since 2023
Participants
343
Medical carrier
Cigna stop-loss-type row only
Broker
Gallagher
Administrator
Blue Cross Tennessee (index)
Washington Commanders
Self-funded
Files as
WFI Group Inc dba Washington Commanders
Participants
379
Medical carrier
Aetna health rows with commission and fees
Broker
Marsh McLennan Agency (Gallagher until 2023)
Administrator
Aetna Choice POS II (index)

Files the league program

3 clubs. Same plan document, same carrier stack, no broker on any Schedule A.

Kansas City Chiefs
League program
Files as
NFL Employee Reciprocal plan, plus own term life plan
Participants
308
Medical carrier
Cigna admin; ReliaStar stop-loss 2025
Broker
None
Administrator
Cigna, by pattern; absent from Cigna index
Las Vegas Raiders
League program
Files as
Raiders Football Club (Reciprocal) plus own ancillary plan
Participants
353
Medical carrier
Cigna admin; ReliaStar stop-loss 2025
Broker
PCF on ancillary lines
Administrator
Cigna, by pattern; absent from Cigna index
New York Giants
League program
Files as
NFL Employee Reciprocal plan
Participants
211
Medical carrier
Cigna admin; ReliaStar stop-loss 2025
Broker
None
Administrator
Cigna, by pattern; absent from Cigna index
Club by club

How each club's health coverage shows up. All thirty-two do.

Latest available plan year for each club, medical funding as it can be read from Schedule A, the broker named on the ancillary lines, and the carrier index that names the administrator. "Self-funded" means the welfare plan carries the medical code with no medical carrier on Schedule A and no Schedule C: an employer paying claims from general assets through an administrator. Everything else about that plan is on the page.

Fully insured medical carrier and premium on Schedule A Self-funded administrator not on the schedule League program Reciprocal plan
ClubFiles welfare plan asParticipantsMedical fundingMedical carrier on Schedule ABroker (ancillary lines)Named in a carrier index
Arizona CardinalsArizona Cardinals Football Club LLC464Self-fundedBrown & Brown, GallagherCigna · HMO, Local Plus, OAP
Atlanta FalconsAMB Group (Arthur M. Blank family of businesses)1,603Self-fundedCigna admin row onlyNone namedCigna · OAP, as AMB Group
Baltimore RavensBaltimore Ravens Limited Partnership280Self-fundedCareFirst, fees onlyKelly BenefitsCareFirst · BlueChoice HMO
Buffalo BillsBuffalo Bills LLC (separate medical and dental plans)218Fully insuredHighmark Western NYLawleyNot published (insured)
Carolina PanthersDT Sports Holding LLC dba Tepper Sports & Entertainment (Panthers Football LLC files the 401(k))419Self-fundedUSI; Mosaic Group on Hartford feesBlue Cross NC · as DT Sports Holding
Chicago BearsChicago Bears Football Club261Self-fundedAonBCBS Illinois · PPO Plus
Cincinnati BengalsCincinnati Bengals Inc (three plans, all filed as final returns for the year ending June 2025)129Fully insuredMedical Mutual of OhioUSINot published (insured)
Cleveland BrownsHaslam Sports Group (six plans)358Self-fundedNo Schedule A on the health planOswaldUnitedHealthcare · National PPO, insured-book index
Dallas CowboysDallas Cowboys Football Club and related entities667Self-fundedLockton (Gallagher until 2022)UMR · own plan file
Denver BroncosDenver Broncos Team LLC (PDB Sports until 2021)304Self-fundedIMA; Watchtower on visionCigna · OAP
Detroit LionsThe Detroit Lions Inc (wrap since 2021)151Fully insuredBlue Cross Blue Shield of MichiganPM GroupNot published (insured)
Green Bay PackersGreen Bay Packers Inc wrap plan311Self-fundedNone namedUMR · own plan file
Houston TexansHouston NFL Holdings254Self-fundedCigna insured through 2020EPIC; Mercer added 2025Not found in any harvested index
Indianapolis ColtsIndianapolis Colts Inc299Self-fundedMJ Insurance, HuntingtonUMR · own plan file
Jacksonville JaguarsJacksonville Jaguars LLC313Self-fundedGallagherNot found in any harvested index
Kansas City ChiefsNFL Employee Reciprocal plan + own term life plan308League programCigna admin; ReliaStar stop-loss 2025NoneAbsent from Cigna's index
Las Vegas RaidersRaiders Football Club (Reciprocal) + Las Vegas Raiders ancillary plan353 / 363League programCigna admin; ReliaStar stop-loss 2025PCF (Andreini until 2023)Absent from Cigna's index
Los Angeles ChargersChargers Football Company216Fully insuredAetna (Cigna until 2021)Marsh McLennan AgencyNot published (insured)
Los Angeles RamsKroenke Sports Holdings employee benefits plan (Rams LLC files dental and vision only)645 / 2,434 (2025)Self-fundedCigna, fees only; Kaiser HMO sliversMercer (Charles L. Crane until 2023)Cigna · OAP, as Kroenke Sports Holdings
Miami DolphinsMiami Dolphins Ltd516Self-fundedAetna ASO with fees through 2022, then off Schedule AAlliantAetna · Choice POS II
Minnesota VikingsMinnesota Vikings Football LLC (five plans)270Fully insuredHealthPartners; Nice Healthcare as its own planUSINot published (insured)
New England PatriotsKraft Group Flexible Benefits Plan1,463Self-funded since 2024Harvard Pilgrim/UHG JV through 2023Cross Insurance; FIAINot in Harvard Pilgrim's harvested roster; 2024 ancillary move to UnitedHealthcare points to the UHC jumbo-account gap
New Orleans SaintsCombined Saints and Pelicans plan324Self-fundedHUB; First Stop Health on the planUnitedHealthcare · Select Plus POS
New York GiantsNFL Employee Reciprocal plan211League programCigna admin; ReliaStar stop-loss 2025NoneAbsent from Cigna's index
New York JetsNew York Jets LLC222Fully insuredHorizon Blue Cross Blue Shield NJHUB, NFPNot published (insured)
Philadelphia EaglesPhiladelphia Eagles LLC260Self-fundedJohnson Kendall & JohnsonNot found; Independence roster is gated
Pittsburgh SteelersPSSI Health and Welfare Plan (2023 is latest posted)261Fully insuredUPMC Health OptionsAcrisure (HDH Group until 2022)Not published (insured)
San Francisco 49ersForty Niners Holdings LP363Self-fundedABD / NewfrontCigna · OAP
Seattle SeahawksFootball Northwest LLC421Self-fundedGallagher; USI added 2024Premera · Your Choice Split Copay
Tampa Bay BuccaneersBuccaneers Team LLC258Fully insuredCigna, $4.2M premiumNone since 2023 (Aon, then Baldwin)Cigna · OAP (insured)
Tennessee TitansKSA Industries / Tennessee Football (own plan since 2023)343Self-fundedCigna stop-loss-type row onlyGallagherBCBS Tennessee · as KSA Industries
Washington CommandersWFI Group Inc dba Washington Commanders (Pro-Football LLC files the 401(k))379Self-fundedAetna, commissions and fees; Innovation Health HMO rowsMarsh McLennan Agency (Gallagher until 2023)Aetna · Choice POS II, HSA, Open Access Select

Participants are the latest plan year available, mostly 2024. Detroit and the Jets are read as fully insured from commission-bearing medical carrier rows; premium fields on those rows are not populated. Vikings and Steelers are the two clubs where every medical dollar is on Schedule A. The last column is the entity's appearance in a carrier's Transparency in Coverage index, matched by EIN; "insured" rows are there only when the carrier publishes its insured book by employer, which most do not.

Twenty-one of thirty-two clubs are self-funded. The filing names the entity, the funding, the broker and the year it changed. The one thing it cannot name, the administrator, the carrier's own index names for seventeen of them.

The fifth layer

The carrier's index names the administrator the filing cannot.

Since July 2022 the Transparency in Coverage rule has required every health plan and issuer to post machine-readable files of its negotiated rates. Carriers and TPAs satisfy it with a monthly table of contents that lists, plan by plan, each employer they administer, usually with the employer's EIN and the plan options offered. Calliope harvests those indexes from roughly forty carrier and TPA hubs and joins them to the Form 5500 by EIN.

The index does not show funding, spend, or a broker. It shows something the 5500 has no line for on a self-funded plan: who administers it, and on which network products. For the NFL it names the administrator for seventeen of the twenty-one self-funded clubs, and it supplied the entity names that placed the last three clubs on the 5500.

ClubEntity in the indexPublished byPlan options listed
Arizona CardinalsArizona Cardinals Football Club LLCCignaHMO, Local Plus, Open Access Plus
Atlanta FalconsAMB Group LLCCignaOpen Access Plus, two structures
Baltimore RavensBaltimore RavensCareFirst, self-funded bookBlueChoice HMO, BlueChoice HMO Referral
Carolina PanthersDT Sports Holding LLC dba Tepper Sports & EntertainmentBlue Cross NC, self-funded rosterOne employer file
Chicago BearsChicago Bears Football Club IncBCBS Illinois, self-insured rosterPPO Plus
Cleveland BrownsHaslam Sports Group LLCUnitedHealthcare Insurance Co, carrier-wide indexNational PPO
Dallas CowboysDallas Cowboys Football Club and related entities group benefit planUMROwn per-employer file
Denver BroncosDenver Broncos Team LLCCignaOpen Access Plus
Green Bay PackersGreen Bay Packers Inc group health benefit planUMROwn per-employer file
Indianapolis ColtsIndianapolis Colts Inc employee benefit welfare planUMROwn per-employer file
Los Angeles RamsKroenke Sports Holdings LLCCignaOpen Access Plus
Miami DolphinsMiami Dolphins LtdAetna, large-group self-funded bookAetna Choice POS II
New Orleans SaintsNew Orleans Saints and PelicansUnitedHealthcare ServicesSelect Plus POS
San Francisco 49ersForty Niners Holdings LPCignaOpen Access Plus
Seattle SeahawksFootball Northwest LLCPremera Blue CrossYour Choice Split Copay, eight files
Tennessee TitansKSA Industries Inc / Tennessee Football LLCBCBS Tennessee, self-funded directoryOne employer file
Washington CommandersWFI Group Inc dba Washington CommandersAetna, large-group self-funded bookChoice POS II, HSA Choice POS II, Open Access Aetna Select

Index vintage August to September 2026. Cigna, UMR, Aetna, Premera, CareFirst, Blue Cross NC, BCBS Tennessee and BCBS Illinois publish their self-funded books as such. The UnitedHealthcare carrier-wide index mixes insured groups with some large self-funded accounts, so the Browns' funding cannot be read from it.

Where the fifth layer has holes of its own

Four self-funded clubs are in no harvested index. Harvard Pilgrim's index is harvested, and its self-funded roster of 75 sponsors, almost all Massachusetts municipalities, school districts, colleges and hospital systems, does not list Kraft Group or any affiliate. Kraft dropped its Harvard Pilgrim medical contract in 2024 and moved its ancillary lines to UnitedHealthcare in the same year, so the likelier reading is a UnitedHealthcare or UMR administrator sitting in the same national-account gap that hides Cigna's league program. The Eagles' likely administrator, Independence Blue Cross, keeps its employer roster behind a client login. The Texans and Jaguars are absent from every Texas and Florida hub we hold, which points to a carrier without a harvested index. The fully insured clubs are mostly absent too, because carriers rarely publish their insured books employer by employer; the Buccaneers are the exception, listed by Cigna under a carrier-side shared EIN.

Self-funded clubs21 on the Form 5500 · 17 named in a carrier index
Resolved by the index alonePanthers, Commanders, Rams: the entity name was the missing search key
Not in any indexPatriots (Harvard Pilgrim checked; likely UHC jumbo gap), Eagles, Texans, Jaguars
Cigna's index omitsThe whole league Reciprocal program and the Player Insurance Trust
Reading the blank line

What a self-funded filing does tell you.

The medical line is empty on twenty-one club filings. "Self-funded, so the 5500 shows nothing" is the reading that stops there. Here is what the same filings say around the blank, with the club that shows each one best.

a

The funding decision, dated

A welfare plan with a medical benefit code, no medical carrier on Schedule A and no Schedule C is an employer paying claims from general assets through an administrator. The Patriots' plan carried a Harvard Pilgrim contract through 2023 and none in 2024. That is the move to self-funding, with a year on it. The Texans made the same move after 2020 and the Dolphins after 2022.

b

The broker relationship

Self-funding takes the medical carrier off the schedule. It does not take the broker off. Lockton on the Cowboys, Gallagher on the Seahawks and Jaguars, Alliant on the Dolphins, Marsh McLennan on the Commanders are all named on the ancillary lines of self-funded plans, and nineteen of the twenty-one self-funded clubs name one. Broker changes are visible the same way: Cowboys from Gallagher to Lockton in 2022, Texans adding Mercer in 2025. Where no broker appears at all, as on the whole league program, that absence is itself the signature of a league-negotiated national account.

c

The entity map

Sponsor names, business codes and Schedule MEP draw the corporate structure. PDB Sports becoming Denver Broncos Team LLC is the 2022 sale. The plan renaming from Redskins to Commanders and the sponsor moving from an Inc to an LLC is the 2023 sale. Kraft Group's retirement schedule lists twenty-two affiliates by name and EIN, which is how the Patriots are found at all. A PEO's Schedule MEP works exactly the same way: the client employer is listed, not hidden.

d

Program changes, as they happen

Stop-loss is an insured contract, so it lands on Schedule A the moment it is placed with a carrier. ReliaStar appearing on six league-program filers in the same 2025 month is a program-wide carve-out. Sun Life appearing on the Eagles in 2024 and a non-medical Cigna row on the Titans read the same way at club scale.

e

Size and shape

Participant counts, benefit codes and the number of separate plans show how the benefits are built. The Vikings run five plans including a direct-primary-care contract with its own plan number. The Browns run six. The Broncos carry a long-term-care plan almost no employer offers.

f

Where to look next

A blank medical line with a known entity and a known funding structure points to the carrier price-transparency index, which names the administrator for seventeen of the twenty-one. A Schedule MEP points to the affiliates. A sponsor rename points to the transaction. The four clubs still open are each narrowed to a carrier whose index is not yet public, not left as blanks.

What is not there

Eleven absences, and what each one means for the reader.

A missing line is not a finding. It is a question with a known set of possible answers: a funding change, a parent-company consolidation, a reporting threshold, a filing not yet posted, or a plan that does not exist. This is the discipline the case study is meant to teach: name the absence, list what could explain it, and say what would confirm it. In every case below the surrounding filings narrowed the list, usually to one.

1

The league's master plan lists no clubs

The NFL Capital Accumulation Plan is filed as a multiple-employer plan with Schedule MEP attached. The schedule names three league entities. Eleven clubs file a plan with the same name under their own EIN, and five more did so before renaming it in 2023 or 2024. The template is shared. The plans are not.

Read: a league-designed document adopted club by club. Do not read: a single plan with 32 participating employers.

2

Three clubs had no welfare filing under any name we could find, until the carrier index supplied the name

Panthers Football LLC and Pro-Football LLC (Commanders) file only a 401(k), and the Rams file a plan carrying only dental and vision. Every 5500 name sweep stopped there. The carrier indexes did not: Blue Cross NC lists DT Sports Holding LLC dba Tepper Sports & Entertainment, Aetna lists WFI Group Inc dba Washington Commanders, and Cigna lists Kroenke Sports Holdings. Each of those entities files a health and welfare plan on the 5500 under its own EIN, with 419, 379 and 645 participants in 2024. Kroenke's count then jumps to 2,434 for 2025, so the 2023 and 2024 figures on that filing look like an undercount rather than a shrinking plan.

A missing public filing alone does not establish anything about the plan. Here the likely explanation was the ordinary one, a filing under a name we had not matched, and a second disclosure regime supplied the name. The summary plan description remains the way to confirm.

3

The league office stopped attaching Schedule C in 2023

The NFL League Office Reciprocal plan attached Schedule C in 2020, 2021 and 2022. It has not since. Cigna's administrative fee for roughly 2,800 covered persons was visible for three years and then was not. The plan did not change; the reporting did.

A large welfare plan may omit Schedule C when no provider is paid $5,000 or more from plan assets. If the employer pays Cigna directly from general assets, the fee is real and off the form.

4

A carried-forward count that never moves

The Non-Player Insurance Trust reports exactly 5,616 persons covered under its Hartford life contract in every plan year from 2020 through 2025, while the premium rises each year and the Form 5500 participant count climbs from 759 to 867. One of those numbers is being copied from the prior year's filing.

Persons-covered on Schedule A is carrier-supplied and often stale. Treat it as an order of magnitude, never a headcount.

5

Kraft Group's medical carrier disappeared in 2024, and so did a third of its participants

Through 2023 the Kraft Group Flexible Benefits Plan showed Harvard Pilgrim/UHG medical at roughly $12.9M premium on about 1,770 lives, with Cross Insurance earning around 2% in commissions. In 2024 there is no medical row, no Schedule C, a new UnitedHealthcare ancillary contract, and a participant count that dropped from 2,233 to 1,463.

The medical line moving off Schedule A reads as a move to self-funding. The participant drop is a separate question: a change in counting basis, or an affiliate leaving the plan. The Schedule MEP on the retirement side still lists 22 employers, so the 401(k) did not shrink the same way. Harvard Pilgrim's own index, harvested in September 2026, does not list Kraft, which fits the 2024 exit; the new UnitedHealthcare ancillary contract points to where the medical administration went.

6

Zero-premium contracts on a master program

Every Reciprocal filer reports Vision Service Plan with persons covered in the thousands and premium of zero. The vision benefit exists. Its cost is either paid outside the plan or reported nowhere.

A $0 contract is one of Calliope's blocking data-quality flags for a reason. On this program it is systematic, not an error on one filing.

7

The Falcons vanished in 2022

Atlanta Falcons Football Club LLC filed its own 401(k) through 2021 and then stopped. Nothing under the club's EIN appears after that. The coverage did not end; it moved into the Arthur M. Blank family-of-businesses welfare plan and the BFOB 401(k), which sit under a holding-company EIN with a different business code.

A club-level EIN going quiet is usually a parent-company consolidation. The tell is a holding-company plan whose participant count jumps in the same year.

8

The Titans left the league program, and the filings show the seam

KSA Industries filed the NFL Employee Reciprocal plan for the Titans through 2023 with no broker on the page. From 2023 a second KSA entity files its own health and welfare plan with Gallagher named on Cigna, Delta Dental and Lincoln contracts. One year of overlap, two EINs, and a broker appearing where none was before.

This is what a move out of a league-negotiated program looks like from the outside: the carrier stack breaks pattern and a broker appears.

9

What Calliope's own labels do with this

The Patriots resolve as a "PEO client" of the Kraft Group. That label is Calliope's reading of Schedule MEP: Kraft files a multiple-employer 401(k) whose adopting employers include the Patriots, the Revolution, Gillette Stadium's operator, and the family's packaging companies. Kraft is not a PEO. It is a controlled group filing one retirement plan. The Patriots' health coverage is in Kraft's welfare plan, which Schedule MEP does not touch.

The league office itself resolves to four separate company records, split by entity type, because it files as a multiple-employer sponsor, a single-employer sponsor, a multiemployer sponsor and a direct filing entity under one EIN. Two 2023 filings exist for the Reciprocal plan, an original and an amendment, and both surface.

Labels describe filing structure, not corporate structure. The mep_type field answers "did this employer appear on a Schedule MEP," nothing more.

10

The league's own Cigna program is missing from Cigna's index

The league office, the Chiefs, the Giants, the Raiders, NFL Productions and NFL Properties all show Cigna as administrator on their Reciprocal plan filings, and the Player Insurance Trust shows Cigna as claims administrator on $15.5M of fees. None of them appears among the 26,000 plan structures in Cigna's published index. The five clubs Cigna does list are all ordinary group accounts.

Carrier indexes have their own blind spot, and it is the same one on every hub we have tested: national accounts. UnitedHealthcare's per-employer files omit its largest customers the same way. The two disclosure regimes have different holes, which is why reading them together covers more than either one alone.

11

The Bengals filed three final returns, and nothing has replaced them yet

Cincinnati Bengals Inc has run three separate welfare plans, medical with Medical Mutual of Ohio, dental with Superior Dental, and life with MedMutual Life, all fully insured and all brokered by USI. For the plan year ending June 30, 2025, every one of them is marked as a final return with zero active participants at year end. The three filings, plus amended returns for the prior year, arrived together on March 10, 2026. Calliope's employer profile flags the sponsor as final-return accordingly.

Three simultaneous final returns on plans that each still had 100 to 129 participants at the start of the year is a consolidation, not a termination of coverage. The ordinary explanations are a new wrap plan under a new plan number, a move to self-funding, or a move under a parent entity. The successor plan's first filing, for the year beginning July 2025, is not due until 2027, so the record will show a gap until then. Until it does, the final-return flag is the only trace, and it is the right question to ask the club.

The player side

Where the money is fully visible.

The bargained player plans are the opposite of the club plans. They are large, audited, and attach every schedule. The NFL Player Insurance Plan shows its administrator, its stop-loss, and its plan-administration fee in full. Any broker or consultant who wants to understand what a self-funded plan's cost structure looks like in full can read it here, then carry that shape to the twenty-one club plans that show everything but the administrator line.

PlanParticipantsWhat Schedule A and C show (2024 plan year)
NFL Player Insurance Plan4,910Cigna as claims administrator and named fiduciary, $15.5M; Aon Consulting as plan administrator, $4.1M; Cigna stop-loss $4.4M covering about 12,100 persons; Prudential life $2.3M; Evernorth behavioral $256K
NFL Dedicated Hospital Network8,468Cigna $4.0M administration; Aon $291K
NFL Player Disability & Survivor Benefit Plan12,977Groom Law $6.5M, O'Melveny $4.5M, FTI $749K, and a roster of more than 100 neutral physicians and neuropsychologists paid from plan assets
NFL Player Annuity Program7,789NFL Player Annuity & Insurance Co appears as both carrier and broker, fees $917K. A captive.
Bert Bell/Pete Rozelle Retirement Plan15,591Defined benefit, multiemployer, life and disability welfare codes attached

All player plans are signed by the same trustee and file from the plan office in Baltimore. The NFL Players Association separately sponsors a small fully insured Cigna plan for its own staff, with Gallagher named for fees of about $138K.

Method

How this was built, and where it stops.

Every club and league entity was matched by EIN after a name sweep across six filing years, the Form 5500-SF, and the Schedule MEP participating-employer tables. Funding was read from welfare benefit codes, Schedule A benefit flags and persons covered, Schedule C attachment, and the Calliope coverage-gap detector that compares Schedule A health lives against Form 5500 participants. Brokers were read from Schedule A only; where no broker is named, none is stated.

The carrier layer comes from Transparency in Coverage index files harvested from roughly forty carrier and TPA hubs between August and September 2026, matched to the club and parent-company EINs above and then by name. An index entry names the administrator and the plan options it publishes rates for. It does not show funding, spend, stop-loss, or a broker, and an employer absent from every harvested index may simply sit with a carrier whose index has not been harvested or is not public.

The 2025 plan year is partial. Filings for the Steelers' welfare plan after 2023 and for any club not yet posted are absent from the source, not from the club. Coverage ratios above one are normal on Schedule A because persons covered include dependents. Nothing here is a compliance finding, and a missing filing is not evidence about the plan behind it.

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The filing tells you who the employer is and how the plan is funded. The connection points tell you where it lives. The blank line tells you which question to ask next.

Prepared from CalliopeFlow and CalliopeResearch on Form 5500 filings for plan years 2020 through 2025, pulled September 10, 2026, and on carrier Transparency in Coverage index files harvested August to September 2026. Persons-covered figures are carrier-supplied and directional. Compensation figures are as reported and are not characterized as reasonable or unreasonable. © 2026 Calliope LLC · Wells, Maine